Influence of food intake on urinary supersaturation of students without urolithiasis

Abstract

Background. Eating habits modification may reduce urolithiasis (UL) incidence and recurrence.

Purpose. To evaluate the influence of the intake of meat, fruit, vegetables,eggs and dairy products on the risk of urinary supersaturation (RSU) in students without a history of UL

Methodology. Cross-sectional correlational study. Sample: volunteer students with no UL history. Period 2018-2019.Records: personal and clinical data; daily (DFR) and weekly (WFR) food records. 24-h urine collected on the day the DFR was completed was analyzed. The USR was determined by Equil-AT software.

Results. 61 students involved, 90% women. Average Age and Body Mass Index (BMI): 25 years old, 22.8 Kg/ m². 33 women and 4 men showed USR, 92% of which was to uric acid. Meat, eggs and cheese intake was higher than what is recommended for a healthy diet, whereas vegetables, fruits, milk and yoghurt intake was lower. There were no differences between DFR and WFR for the assessed foods. Individuals with USR had a higher intake of meat and less fruit and vegetables than those without USR. There was a meaningful difference between the intakes of meat, fruits and vegetables (p < 0.05).

Conclusions. A significant difference was found in the intake of meat, fruit, vegetables, and eggs in individuals with RSU compared to those without RSU. The daily intake would be normal, so supersaturation would be co To evaluate the influence of the intake of meat, fruit, vegetables, eggs and dairy products on the risk of urinary supersaturation (RSU) in students without a history of UL in individuals at risk. Preventive action could be taken to modify eating habits before the first stone forms.