Palabras clave
nefritis lúpica
biomarcadores
microARNs
Cómo citar
Resumen
El lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad compleja y altamente heterogénea que afecta múltiples órganos, incluyendo articulaciones, corazón, sistema hematopoyético, sistema nervioso y riñón, siendo este último el de peor pronóstico y el que conlleva a nefritis lúpica (NL). Aunque la etiopatogénesis del LES aún no se conoce con claridad, se cree que la susceptibilidad genética y las modificaciones epigenéticas aberrantes favorecen su desenlace. Para establecer una terapia precisa es necesario evaluar de manera eficiente y objetiva el compromiso de órganos y la actividad de la enfermedad, lo cual es muy difícil por las pocas pruebas de laboratorio clínico disponibles en la actualidad.
En las últimas décadas la búsqueda de nuevos biomarcadores de LES ha sido una tendencia y se han identificado varios promisorios a nivel de genómica, metabolómica, proteómica y transcriptómica. En esta revisión se resume el estado del arte relacionado con estudios transcriptómicos que han identificado diversos transcritos potencialmente útiles como biomarcadores del LES y la NL.
Citas
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