Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a condition frequently encountered by the nephrologist in the ICU and hospital wards.
Purpose: To explore the main pathophysiological determinants of volume status and their clinical application in the management of critically ill patients.
Methodology: This article explains the physiology of intravenous fluid (IVF) administration, critically discusses current prescription patterns, and examines the most frequently used devices and tests for hemodynamic monitoring and predicting the response to volume administration.
Results: The first cause to rule out is always hypovolemia. Initial management typically involves the early administration of intravenous fluids (IVF), even before nephrologist evaluation. It is essential for nephrologists to understand that additional fluid administration is not without risk and can lead to volume overload. Therefore, IVF administration should only be performed after a positive volume response maneuver.
Conclusions: An algorithm is proposed to guide volume administration in patients with AKI.
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